This table is provided as an information service by Diversified Enterprises.
This table highlights the viscosity and surface tension of a variety of solvents and other liquids. An analogous table, which also includes Hansen Solubility Parameters and surface tension components, can be seen here. If you are concerned with formulation problems which involve surface wetting, solubility, and viscosity control, you may wish to consult both tables. Each one can be sorted by column — just click on the column header as desired to re-order this printable table.
If there are additional solvents or other liquids that you think we should add to this collection — especially if you can provide data with citations — please e-mail us to let us know.
Viscosity, Surface Tension, Specific Density and Molecular Weight of Selected Liquids
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Name(1) |
Molecular Formula |
CAS#(2) |
Mol. Wt.(3) |
Specific Density(4) |
Surface Tension(5) |
Viscosity(6) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cP |
cs |
||||||
Phenoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monophenyl ether) | C8H10O2 | 122-99-6 | 138.16 | 1.11(17) | - | 20.3(17) | 18.3 |
Dioctyl hexanedioate (dioctyl adipate) | C22H42O4 | 103-23-1 | 370.57 | 0.92(19) | - | 13.7(19) | 14.9 |
Diethyl ether (ethoxyethane) | C4H10O | 60-29-7 | 74.12 | 0.708 | 16.7 | 0.22 | 0.31 |
Dimethoxymethane (methylal) | C3H8O2 | 109-87-5 | 76.10 | 0.854 | 18.8 | 0.33(14) | 0.39 |
Silicon tetrachloride | SiCl4 | 10026-04-7 | 169.90 | 1.645 | 18.8 | 99.4 | 60.4 |
n-Heptane | C7H16 | 142-82-5 | 100.20 | 0.682 | 19.8 | 0.39 | 0.57 |
1,2-Dimethoxyethane (DME (ethylene glycol dimethyl ether) | C4H10O2 | 110-71-4 | 90.12 | 0.865 | 20.0 | 1.1(16) | 1.3 |
1-Propanol (n-propanol, n-propyl alcohol) | C3H8O | 71-23-8 | 60.10 | 0.802 | 20.9 | 1.95 | 2.43 |
Ethanol (ethyl alcohol) | C2H6O | 64-17-5 | 46.07 | 0.787 | 22.0 | 1.07 | 1.36 |
Methanol (methyl alcohol) | CH4O | 67-56-1 | 32.04 | 0.787 | 22.1 | 0.54 | 0.69 |
Isopropyl acetate (isopropyl ethanoate) | C5H10O2 | 108-21-4 | 102.13 | 0.871 | 22.3 | 0.52(17) | 0.60 |
2-Butanol (sec-butanol) | C4H10O | 78-92-2 | 74.12 | 0.805 | 22.6 | 3.10 | 3.85 |
2-Methylpropyl alcohol (isobutanol) | C4H10O | 78-83-1 | 74.12 | 0.797 | 22.6 | 3.95(15) | 4.96 |
Acetone (propanone) | C3H6O | 67-64-1 | 58.08 | 0.786 | 23.0 | 0.31 | 0.39 |
2-Methyl propyl ethanoate (isobutyl acetate) | C6H12O2 | 110-19-0 | 116.16 | 0.869 | 23.0 | 0.68 | 0.78 |
Ethyl acetate (ethyl ethanoate) | C4H8O2 | 141-78-6 | 88.11 | 0.894 | 23.2 | 0.42 | 0.47 |
2-Propanol (isopropyl alcohol) | C3H8O | 67-63-0 | 60.10 | 0.783 | 23.3 | 2.04 | 2.61 |
4-Methyl-2-pentanone (methyl isobutyl ketone) | C6H12O | 108-10-1 | 100.16 | 0.796 | 23.5 | 0.55 | 0.69 |
Propyl acetate (propyl ethanoate) | C5H10O2 | 109-60-4 | 102.13 | 0.883 | 23.9 | 0.54 | 0.61 |
2-Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone) | C4H8O | 78-93-3 | 72.11 | 0.799 | 24.0 | 0.41 | 0.51 |
Methyl methacrylate | C5H8O2 | 80-62-6 | 100.12 | 0.937 | 24.2 | 0.57(18) | 0.61 |
Methyl acetate | C3H6O2 | 79-20-9 | 74.08 | 0.927 | 24.5 | 0.36 | 0.39 |
Cyclohexane | C6H12 | 110-82-7 | 84.16 | 0.773 | 24.7 | 0.89 | 1.15 |
Butyl acetate | C6H12O2 | 123-86-4 | 116.16 | 0.876 | 24.8 | 0.69 | 0.79 |
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) | C2H3Cl3 | 71-55-6 | 133.40 | 1.330 | 25.0 | 0.79 | 0.59 |
1-Butanol (n-butyl alcohol) | C4H10O | 71-36-3 | 74.12 | 0.806 | 25.0 | 2.54 | 3.15 |
2-Heptanone (methyl n-amyl ketone) | C7H14O | 110-43-0 | 114.19 | 0.811 | 26.1 | 0.71 | 0.88 |
Tetrachloromethane (carbon tetrachloride) | CCl4 | 56-23-5 | 153.82 | 1.583 | 26.3 | 0.91 | 0.57 |
2-Butoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether) | C6H14O2 | 111-76-2 | 118.17 | 0.896 | 26.6 | 6.4(13) | 7.1 |
Trichloromethane (chloroform) | CHCl3 | 67-66-3 | 119.38 | 1.480 | 26.7 | 0.54 | 0.36 |
Acrylonitrile (ethenylnitrile) | C3H3N | 107-13-1 | 53.06 | 0.801 | 26.7 | 0.34(9) | 0.42 |
Tetrahydrofuran | C4H8O | 109-99-9 | 72.11 | 0.880 | 26.7 | 0.46 | 0.52 |
Acetic acid (ethanoic acid) | C2H4O2 | 64-19-7 | 60.05 | 1.043 | 27.0 | 1.06 | 1.02 |
Hexadecane | C16H34 | 544-76-3 | 226.44 | 0.770 | 27.1 | - | - |
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol | C8H18O | 104-76-7 | 130.23 | 0.830 | 27.7 | 6.27 | 7.55 |
Dichloromethane (methylene chloride, DCM) | CH2Cl2 | 75-09-2 | 84.93 | 1.318 | 27.8 | 0.41 | 0.31 |
Toluene | C7H8 | 108-88-3 | 92.14 | 0.865 | 27.9 | 0.56 | 0.65 |
p-Xylene | C8H10 | 106-42-3 | 106.17 | 0.861 | 27.9 | 0.60 | 0.70 |
Octanoic acid (caprylic acid) | C8H16O2 | 124-07-2 | 144.21 | 0.903 | 27.9 | 5.02 | 5.56 |
Benzene | C6H6 | 71-43-2 | 78.11 | 0.873 | 28.2 | 0.60 | 0.69 |
Ethylbenzene | C8H10 | 100-41-4 | 106.17 | 0.865 | 28.6 | 0.63 | 0.73 |
Trichloroethylene (TCE, trichloroethene) | C2HCl3 | 79-01-6 | 131.39 | 1.458 | 28.7 | 0.55 | 0.38 |
Acetonitrile (ethane nitrile) | C2H3N | 75-05-8 | 41.05 | 0.779 | 28.7 | 0.37 | 0.47 |
2-Ethoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether) | C4H10O2 | 110-80-5 | 90.12 | 0.925 | 28.8 | 2.1(11) | 2.3 |
o-Xylene | C8H10 | 95-47-6 | 106.17 | 0.876 | 29.6 | 0.76 | 0.87 |
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (BEHP, dioctyl phthalate) | C24H38O4 | 117-84-0 | 390.56 | 0.980 | 31.1 | 80(20) | 82 |
Styrene (phenylethene) | C8H8 | 100-42-5 | 104.15 | 0.900 | 32.0 | 0.70 | 0.78 |
1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride) | C2H4Cl2 | 107-06-2 | 98.96 | 1.246 | 32.6 | 0.78 | 0.63 |
1,4-Dioxane | C4H8O2 | 123-91-1 | 88.11 | 1.029 | 32.9 | 1.18 | 1.15 |
Cyclohexanol | C6H12O | 108-93-0 | 100.16 | 0.960 | 33.4 | 57.5 | 59.9 |
N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) | C3H7NO | 68-12-2 | 73.09 | 0.945 | 34.4 | 0.79 | 0.84 |
Cyclohexanone | C6H10O | 108-94-1 | 98.14 | 0.942 | 34.4 | 2.02 | 2.14 |
Isophorone | C9H14O | 78-59-1 | 138.21 | 0.920 | 35.5 | 2.33 | 2.53 |
1,2-Dichlorobenzene | C6H4Cl2 | 95-50-1 | 147.00 | 1.301 | 35.7 | 1.32 | 1.01 |
3-Methylphenol (m-Cresol) | C7H8O | 108-39-4 | 108.14 | 1.030 | 35.8 | 12.9 | 12.5 |
Nitromethane | CH3NO2 | 75-52-5 | 61.04 | 1.129 | 36.3 | 0.63 | 0.56 |
Epichlorohydrin (chloromethyloxirane) | C3H5ClO | 106-89-8 | 92.52 | 1.174 | 36.3 | 1.07 | 0.91 |
Pyridine | C5H5N | 110-86-1 | 79.10 | 0.979 | 36.7 | 0.88 | 0.90 |
Benzyl alcohol | C7H80 | 100-51-6 | 108.14 | 1.041 | 36.8 | 5.47 | 5.25 |
Dibutyl phthalate | C16H22O4 | 84-74-2 | 278.34 | 1.043 | 37.4 | 16.6 | 15.9 |
Methanoic acid (formic acid) | CH2O2 | 64-18-6 | 46.03 | 1.214 | 37.7 | 1.61 | 1.32 |
Benzaldehyde | C7H6O | 100-52-7 | 106.12 | 1.040 | 38.3 | 1.4(15) | 1.4 |
Morpholine | C4H9NO | 110-91-8 | 87.12 | 0.997 | 38.8 | 2.02 | 2.03 |
Benzonitrile | C7H5N | 100-47-0 | 103.12 | 1.001 | 38.8 | 1.27 | 1.27 |
Acetophenone (1-phenylethanone) | C8H8O | 98-86-2 | 120.15 | 1.024 | 39.0 | 1.68 | 1.64 |
Propylene carbonate | C4H6O3 | 108-32-7 | 102.09 | 1.200(10) | 40.9(10) | 2.50(10) | 2.08 |
Bromine | Br2 | 7726-95-6 | 159.81 | 3.214 | 41.0 | 0.94 | 0.29 |
Aniline | C6H7N | 62-53-3 | 93.13 | 1.018 | 42.4 | 3.85 | 3.78 |
2-Methoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monomethyl ether) | C3H8O2 | 109-86-4 | 76.10 | 0.960 | 42.8 | 1.7(12) | 1.8 |
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) | C2H6OS | 67-68-5 | 78.13 | 1.095 | 42.9 | 1.99 | 1.82 |
1-Bromonaphthalene | C10H7Br | 90-11-9 | 207.07 | 1.478 | 44.4 | - | - |
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidine | C5H9NO | 872-50-4 | 99.13 | 1.025 | 44.6 | 1.67(17) | 1.63 |
1,2-Propanediol (propylene glycol) | C3H8O2 | 57-55-6 | 76.10 | 1.033 | 45.6 | 40.4 | 39.1 |
1,3-Butanediol | C4H10O2 | 107-88-0 | 90.12 | 1.002 | 47.1 | 98.3(17) | 98.1 |
2-Aminoethanol (ethanolamine) | C2H7NO | 141-43-5 | 61.08 | 1.014 | 48.3 | 21.1 | 20.8 |
Ethylene glycol | C2H6O2 | 107-21-1 | 62.07 | 1.111 | 48.4 | 16.1 | 14.5 |
Diiodomethane (methylene iodide) | CH2I2 | 75-11-6 | 267.84 | 3.306 | 50.8(7) | 2.6(8) | 0.78 |
Triethanolamine | C6H15NO3 | 102-71-6 | 149.19 | 1.120 | 51.5 | 609 | 543 |
Dimethylethanolamine (2-(dimethylamino)ethanol) | C4H11NO | 108-01-0 | 89.14 | 0.882 | 51.6 | 4.08(17) | 4.63 |
2-Furanmethanol (furfuryl alcohol) | C5H6O2 | 98-00-0 | 98.10 | 1.127 | 53.3 | 4.62(17) | 4.10 |
Diethylene glycol | C4H10O3 | 111-46-6 | 106.12 | 1.114 | 55.1 | 30.2 | 27.1 |
Formamide (methanomide) | CH3NO | 75-12-7 | 45.04 | 1.129 | 57.0 | 3.34 | 2.96 |
Hydrazine | H4N2 | 302-01-2 | 32.04 | 0.950 | 66.9 | 0.88 | 0.93 |
Water | H2O | 7732-18-5 | 18.02 | 0.999 | 72.7 | 0.89 | 0.89 |
Hydrogen peroxide | H2O2 | 7722-84-1 | 34.02 | 1.449 | 74.0 | 1.25(15) | 0.86 |
Glycerol | C3H8O3 | 56-81-5 | 92.09 | 1.257 | 76.2 | 934 | 743 |
Mercury | Hg | 7439-97-6 | 200.59 | 13.630 | 474.4 | 1.53 | 0.11 |
(1) Choice of nomenclature is one of the most difficult tasks in assembling any table of chemical data, especially one containing a variety of hydrocarbons that have become widely known by non-scientific names. We have generally used IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature as the primary name; widely used synonyms are also included — sometimes these are shown as the primary name, depending on common usage. In a very few cases, the IUPAC designation is quite technical, and not widely used in industry, and so has been left out of this table entirely. It is always best to reference CAS (Chemical Abstracts Service) numbers to make sure the correct material is being evaluated.
(2) Thermophysical Properties of Chemicals and Hydrocarbons, Carl L. Yaw, William Andrew, Norwich, NY, 2008, except as noted.
(3) Chemical Abstracts Service registry number: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, David R. Lide, ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2004, except as noted.
(4) g/ml @ 25oC (298.15 K): Thermophysical Properties of Chemicals and Hydrocarbons, Carl L. Yaw, William Andrew, Norwich, NY, 2008, except as noted.
(5) dynes/cm @ 25oC (298.15 K): Thermophysical Properties of Chemicals and Hydrocarbons, Carl L. Yaw, William Andrew, Norwich, NY, 2008, except as noted.
(6) viscosity @ 25oC (298.15 K): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, David R. Lide, ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2004, except as noted. cP is the abbreviation for centipoise, a standard unit of measurement for viscosity. cs is the abbreviation for centistoke, which is a measure used in viscosity cup tests; it equals centipoise divided by specific density.
(7) http://www.surface-tension.de/LIQUIDS cites 50.9 dynes/cm @ 20oC (293.15 K).
(8) @ 25oC: http://www.heavyliquids.com/product_LST/org.htm.
(9) @ 25oC: The Chemistry of Acrylonitrile, American Cyanamid Co., 1951, pp. 11-19.
(10) @ 25oC: http://www.huntsman.com/performance_products/Media/JEFFSOL_Alkylene_Carbonates_(brochure).pdf.
(11) @ 20oC: http://www.advancepetro.com/egmee.htm.
(12) @ 20oC: http://www.advancepetro.com/egmme.htm.
(13) @ 20oC: http://www.advancepetro.com/egmbe.htm.
(14) @ 30oC: http://www.lcy.com.tw/msds/en/LCY020E.pdf.
(15) @ 20oC: http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki.
(16) @ 20oC: http://www.alibaba.com/product-gs/209939946/Ethylene_glycol_dimethyl_ether.html.
(17) @ 20oC: http://solvdb.ncms.org/common01.idc.
(18) @ 25oC: http://www.methylmethacrylate.eu.
(19) @ 20oC: https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/54816.htm.
(20) @ 20oC: http://www.alibaba.com/product-free/11745259/Dioctyl_Phthalate_Dop_.html.