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ACCU DYNE TEST ™ Bibliography

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1220. Jaehnichen, K., J. Frank, D. Pleul, and F. Simon, “A study of paint adhesion to polymeric substrates,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 17, 1635-1654, (2003).

1221. Kim, B.K., K.S. Kim, C.E. Park, and C.M. Ryu, “Improvement of wettability and reduction of aging effect by plasma treatment of low-density polyethylene with argon and oxygen mixtures,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 509-521, (2002).

1222. Kim, B.K., K.S. Kim, K. Cho, and C.E. Park, “Retardaton of the surface rearrangement of O2 plasma-treated LDPE by a two-step temperature control,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 15, 1805-1816, (2001).

1223. Koh, S.K., J.S. Cho, K.H. Kim, S. Han, and Y.W. Beag, “Altering a polymer surface chemical structure by an ion-assisted reaction,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 129-142, (2002).

1226. Kwok, D.Y., and A.W. Neumann, “Contact angle measurements and interpretation: Wetting behavior and solid surface tension for poly(alkyl methacrylate) polymers,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 14, 719-743, (2000).

1227. Landete-Ruiz, M.D., J.A. Martinez-Diez, M.A. Rodriguez-Perez, A. Miguel, et al, “Improved adhesion of low-density polyethylene/EVA foams using different surface treatments,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 1073-1101, (2002).

1229. Lee, L.-H., “The gap between the measured and calculated liquid-liquid interfacial tensions derived from contact angles,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 14, 167-185, (2000).

1230. Lei, J., X. Liao, and J. Gao, “Surface structure of low density polyethylene films grafted with acrylic acid using corona discharge,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 15, 993-999, (2001).

1231. Martinez-Garcia, A., A. Sanchez-Reche, S. Gisbert-Soler, et al, “Treatment of EVA with corona discharge to improve its adhesion to polychloroprene adhesive,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 17, 47-65, (2003).

1233. McCafferty, E., “Acid-base effects in polymer adhesion at metal surfaces,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 239-255, (2002).

1235. Mikula, M., Z. Jakubikova, and A. Zahoranova, “Surface and adhesion changes of atmospheric barrier discharge-treated polypropylene in air and nitrogen,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 17, 2097-2110, (2003).

1241. Osterberg, M., and P.M. Claesson, “Interactions between cellulose surfaces: Effect of solution pH,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 14, 603-618, (2000).

1243. Page, S.A., J.C. Berg, and J.-A.E. Manson, “Characterization of epoxy resin surface energies,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 15, 153-170, (2001).

1244. Park, J., C.S. Lyons, M. Strobel, M. Ulsh, M.I. Kissinger, M.J. Prokosch, “Characterization of non-uniform wettability on flame-treated polypropylene-film surfaces,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 17, 643-653, (2003).

1248. Qiu, Y., C. Zhang, Y.J. Hwang, B.L. Bures, and M.G. McCord, “The effect of atmospheric pressure helium plasma treatment on the surface and mechanical properties of ultrahigh-modulus polyethylene fibers,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 99-107, (2002).

1249. Qiu, Y., Y.J. Hwang, C. Zhang, B.L. Bures, and M.G. McCord, “Atmospheric pressure helium + oxygen plasma treatment of ultrahigh modulus polyethylene fibers,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 449-457, (2002).

1250. Radelczuk, H., L. Holysz, and E. Chibowski, “Comparison of the Lifschitz-van der Waals/acid-base and contact angle hysteresis approaches for determination of solid surface free energy,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 1547-1568, (2002).

1251. Shen, W., B. Hutton, and F. Liu, “A new understanding on the mechanism of fountain solution in the prevention of ink transfer to the non-image area in conventional offset lithography,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 18, 1861-1887, (2004).

In conventional offset lithographic printing, it has been well established that the existence of a continuous layer of fountain solution (FS) on the surface of the non-image area is an essential condition to ensure correct operation of lithography. However, the mechanistic function of FS in preventing the ink from being transferred onto the non-image area has not been fully understood. Several major mechanistic interpretations can be found in the literature, which are based either on comparing of static works of adhesion and cohesion of ink and FS, or on the splitting of the 'weaker' FS layer. Although the latter becomes more accepted, direct experimental evidence is difficult to find in the literature. On the other hand, confusing information found in the literature showed that the ink-transfer (or non-transfer) observations reported in many case studies correlate well with simple comparisons of works of adhesion, cohesion and spreading data of ink/FS, ink/plate and FS/plate obtained under the static condition. These results, therefore, imply that, in explaining the function of FS in preventing ink transfer to the non-image area, the ink/FS interfacial adhesion failure would be the dominant mechanism. The work presented in this study covered two specific areas in order to address and better understand the responses of ink and FS layers and their interface to forces encountered during ink transfer. Firstly, an analysis of lithographic plates contaminated with a cationic polymer revealed that the violation of the ink non-transfer condition of the plate non-image area due to contamination could be predicted by traditional criteria of plate wetting and works of adhesion and cohesion. However, these traditional criteria cannot reliably predict the non-transfer condition of the ink on the clean non-image area that was covered by FS. Secondly, in some novel experiments conducted in this study using ice or Teflon as a substrate, the works of adhesion and cohesion were not able to predict ink transfer in most cases. Direct experimental evidence from this work revealed that splitting of the FS layer was involved in the prevention of ink transfer to the non-image areas, and that the thickness of the FS layer was critical in allowing the splitting to occur.

1252. Shi, M.K., G. Dunham, M.E. Gross, G.L. Graff, and P.M. Martin, “Plasma treatment of PET and acrylic coating surfaces, I. In-situ XPS measurements,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 14, 1485-1498, (2000).

1253. Strobel, M., and C.S. Lyons, “The role of low-molecular-weight oxidized materials in the adhesion properties of corona-treated polypropylene film,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 17, 15-23, (2003).

1255. Strobel, M., N. Sullivan, M.C. Branch, J. Park, M. Ulsh, R.S. Kapaun, B. Leys, “Surface modification of polypropylene films using N2O-containing flames,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 14, 1243-1264, (2000).

1260. van Oss, C.J., “Use of the combined Lifschitz-van der Waals and Lewis acid-base approaches in determining the apolar and polar contributions to surface and interfacial tensions and free energies,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 16, 669-677, (2002).

1261. Yun, Y.I., K.S. Kim, S.-J. Uhm, B.B. Khatua, K. Cho, J.K. Kim, and C.E. Park, “Aging behavior of oxygen plasma-treated polypropylene with different crystallinities,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 18, 1279-1291, (2004).

Oxygen plasma-treated quenched and annealed polypropylene (PP) films with different crystallinities were investigated to characterize the surface rearrangement behavior during aging using contact-angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Optimum plasma conditions were examined by varying the power, time and pressure. Less crystalline quenched PP showed a larger increase in water contact angle and a larger decrease of oxygen atomic concentration during aging than the more crystalline annealed PP, since the oxygen species, such as hydroxyl groups, introduced by oxygen plasma treatment, oriented towards or diffused faster into the bulk with lower crystallinity. The degree of crosslinking on the surface was enhanced after plasma treatment and, in addition to increased crystallinity, the crosslinked structure induced by plasma treatment restricted chain mobility and lowered the aging rate of the PP surface.

1262. Zenkiewicz, M., “Wettability and surface free energy of corona-treated biaxially-oriented polypropylene film,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 15, 1769-1785, (2001).

1263. Zenkiewicz, M., “Investigation on the oxidation of surface layers of polyolefins treated with corona discharge,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 15, 63-70, (2001).

1264. Zhu, B., H. Iwata, I. Hirata, and Y. Ikada, “Hydrophilic modification of a polyimide film surface,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 14, 351-361, (2000).

1286. Gerenser, L.S., “XPS studies of in-situ plasma-modified polymer surfaces,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 7, 1019-1040, (1993).

1292. Yetka-Fard, M., and A.B. Ponter, “Factors affecting the wettability of polymer surfaces,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 6, 253-277, (1992).

1303. Li, D., C. Ng, and A.W. Neumann, “Contact angles of binary liquids and their interpretation,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 6, 601-610, (1992).

1374. Hwang, Y.J., Y. Qiu, C. Zhang, B. Jarrard, R. Stedeford, J. Tsai, et al, “Effects of atmospheric pressure helium/air plasma treatment on adhesion and mechanical properties of aramid fibers,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 17, 847-860, (2003).

1376. Leroux, F., A. Perwuelz, C. Campagne, and N. Behary, “Atmospheric air-plasma treatments of polyester textile structures,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 20, 939-957, (2006).

The effects of atmospheric air-plasma treatments on woven and non-woven polyester (PET) textile structures were studied by surface analysis methods: wettability and capillarity methods, as well as atomic force microscopy/lateral force microscopy (AFM/LFM). The water contact angle on plasma-treated PET decreased from 80° to 50–40°, indicating an increase in the surface energy of PET fibres due to a change in the fiber surface chemical nature, which was confirmed by a higher fiber friction force measured by the LFM. The extent of water contact angle decrease, as well as the wash fastness of the treatment varied with the structure of the textile. Indeed the more porous the textile structure is (such as a non-woven), the fewer are the chain scissions of the PET at the fiber surface, during the plasma treatment. Thus, the level of surface oxidation and the weak boundary layers formation depend not only on plasma treatment parameters but also on the textile structure.

1429. Dasilva, W., A. Entenberg, B. Kahn, T. Debies, and G.A. Takacs, “Adhesion of copper to poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) surfaces modified by vacuum UV photo-oxidation downstream from Ar microwave plasma,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 18, 1465-1481, (2004).

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP) surfaces were exposed to vacuum UV (VUV) photo-oxidation downstream from Ar microwave plasma. The modified surfaces showed the following: (1) an improvement in wettability as observed by water contact angle measurements; (2) surface roughening; (3) defluorination of the surface; and (4) incorporation of oxygen as CF—O—CF2, CF2—O—CF2 and CF—O—CF3 moieties. With long treatment times, a cohesive failure of copper sputter-coated onto the modified surface occurred within the modified FEP and not at the Cu–FEP interface.

1444. Shi, M.K., A. Selmani, L. Martinu, E. Sacher, M.R. Wertheimer, and A. Yelon, “Fluoropolymer surface modification for enhanced evaporated metal adhesion,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 8, 1129-1141, (1994).

1447. Gengenbach, T.R., X. Xie, R.C. Chatelier, and H.J. Griesser, “Evolution of the surface composition and topography of perfluorinated polymers following ammonia-plasma treatment,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 8, 305-328, (1994) (also in Plasma Surface Modification of Polymers: Relevance to Adhesion, M. Strobel, C.S. Lyons, and K.L. Mittal, eds., p. 123-146, VSP, Oct 1994).

1450. Kaczinski, M.B., and D.W. Dwight, “Enhancement of polymer film adhesion using acid-base interactions determined by contact angle measurements,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 7, 165-177, (1993) (also in Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion: Festschrift in Honor of Professor Robert J. Good, K.L. Mittal, ed., p. 739-751, VSP, Nov 1993).

1458. Inagaki, N., S. Tasaka, and H. Kawai, “Improved adhesion of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) by NH3-plasma treatment,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 3, 637-649, (1989).

1472. Inagaki, N., K. Narushima, and M. Morita, “Plasma surface modification of poly(phenylene sulfide) films for copper metallization,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 20, 917-938, (2006).

Poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) films were modified by Ar, O2, N2 and NH3 plasmas in order to improve their adhesion to copper metal. All four plasmas modified the PPS film surfaces, but the NH3 plasma modification was the most effective in improving adhesion. The NH3 plasma modification brought about large changes in the surface topography and chemical composition of the PPS film surfaces. The peel strength for the Cu/plasma-modified PPS film systems increased linearly with increasing surface roughness, Ra or Rrms, of the PPS film. The plasma modification also led to considerable changes in the chemical composition of the PPS film surfaces. A large fraction of phenylene units and a small fraction of sulfide groups in the PPS film surfaces were oxidized during the plasma modification process. Nitrogen functional groups also were formed on the PPS film surfaces. The NH3 plasma modification formed S—H groups on the PPS film surfaces by reduction of S—C groups in the PPS film. Not only the mechanical interlocking effect but also the interaction of the S—H groups with the copper metal may contribute to the adhesion of the Cu/PPS film systems.

1473. Strobel, M., M. Ulsh, C. Stroud, and M.C. Branch, “The causes of non-uniform flame treatment of polypropylene film surfaces,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 20, 1493-1505, (2006).

A cross-web non-uniformity ('laning') in the flame surface modification of polypropylene (PP) film was investigated using flame temperature measurements and Wilhelmy plate force measurements. To associate the cross-web non-uniformity in the flame treatment with specific features of the flame supported on an industrial 4-port ribbon burner, the temperature and force measurements were registered to a specific burner port. The Wilhelmy force measurements show that the upstream pair of ribbon-burner ports causes a slightly greater treatment of the PP surface than the corresponding downstream pair of ports. The average temperature experienced by the PP as the film traverses through the flame is noticeably higher along the down-web line of the upstream burner ports as compared with a line passing through the downstream pair. This greater average temperature correlates to an exposure to a greater concentration of the active species, such as OH radicals, that cause the surface oxidation of the PP.

1474. Zheng, Z., X. Wang, X. Huang, M. Shi, and G. Zhou, “Chemical modification combined with corona treatment of UHMWPE fibers and their adhesion to vinylester resin,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 20, 1047-1059, (2006).

The influence of corona treatment on the near-surface structures of treated ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers was studied first by atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM pictures showed that the pits on the corona-treated PE fiber surfaces had different change characteristics in depth compared with in length and breadth with variations of corona power. Then the UHMWPE fibers were subjected to chemical modification following the corona treatment, named the two-stage treatment. Surface morphologies and chemical properties of the treated fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FT-IR–ATR spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results obtained suggested that some carbon–carbon double bonds had been introduced on the surfaces of the PE fibers after the two-stage treatment. These unsaturated groups could participate in free-radical curing of vinylester resin (VER), and this resulted in improvement of interfacial adhesion strength in the PE fiber/VER composites. In addition, the mechanical properties of the UHMWPE fibers reduced after corona treatment did not reduce further after subsequent chemical treatment with increase of corona power. In short, the two-stage treatment proved to be effective in improving the interfacial adhesion of the composites and maintaining the high mechanical properties of the PE fibers, as this treatment method did not destroy the bulk structure of the UHMWPE fibers.

1487. McHale, G., S.M. Rowan, M.I. Newton, and N.A. Kab, “Estimation of contact angles on fibers,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 13, 1457-1469, (1999).

 

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