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ACCU DYNE TEST ™ Bibliography

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1419. Callegari, G., A. Calvo, and J.P. Hulin, “Contact line motion: Hydrodynamical or molecular process?,” in Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion, Vol. 4, Mittal, K.L., ed., 29-41, VSP, Jul 2006.

1309. Callen, B.W., M.L. Ridge, S. Lahooti, A.W. Neumann, and R.N.S. Sodhi, “Remote plasma and UV-ozone modification of polystyrene,” J. Vacuum Science and Technology, A13, 2023-2029, (1995).

2760. Campbell, R.N., and D. Wolters, “Improved barrier properties with metallized films from corona process improvements and from copolymer characteristics,” in 1998 Polymers, Coatings and Laminations Conference Proceedings, 385-396, TAPPI Press, Sep 1998 (also in J. Plastic Film and Sheeting, V. 16, p. 108-123, Apr 2000).

1197. Canal, C., R. Molina, E. Bertran, and P. Erra, “Wettability, ageing and recovery process of plasma-treated polyamide 6,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 18, 1077-1089, (2004).

The wetting properties of polyamide 6 rods treated with radiofrequency (RF) low-temperature plasma (LTP) using three different non-polymerizing gases (air, nitrogen and water vapour) were determined using the Wilhelmy contact-angle technique. Information on the acidic or basic nature of the ionizable groups generated on the rod surface was obtained using contact-angle titration. The wettability obtained depends on the plasma gas used, and it tends to decrease with time elapsed after the treatment when the samples are kept in an air environment. However, the wettability can be recovered by immersion of the aged samples in water. The degree of recovery depends on the plasma gas used and the highest recovery was obtained with water vapour plasma treated samples. Both ageing and recovery behaviour can be attributed to the reorganisation of hydrophilic groups which tend to reversibly migrate or orient towards the bulk phase depending on the storage conditions, although other factors can also have influence.

2506. Carbone, E.A.D., N. Boucher, M. Sferrazza, and F. Reniers, “How to increase the hydrophobicity of PTFE surfaces using an r.f. atmospheric-pressure plasma torch,” Surface and Interface Analysis, 42, 1014-1018, (Jun 2010).

An experimental investigation of the surface modification of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by an Ar and Ar/O2 plasma created with an atmospheric-pressure radio frequency (r.f.) torch is presented here. The surfaces were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), XPS and water contact angle (WCA) to get an insight of the surface morphology and chemistry. An increase of roughness is observed with the Ar/O2 plasma treatment. The WCA analysis shows that these surfaces are more hydrophobic than pristine PTFE; a contact angle of 135° was measured. When a PTFE surface is treated by Ar plasma, no roughening or significant change of the surface morphology and chemistry of PTFE was observed. The effects of the Ar and O2 fluxes on the PTFE surface treatment were analyzed, as well as the effect of the power and treatment time. The plasma phase was also analyzed by optical emission spectroscopy, and some correlations with the treatment efficiency of the plasma are made. The chemistry on the surface is finally discussed and the competition between etching and re-deposition chemical reactions on the surface is proposed as a possible explanation of the results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sia.3384

1786. Carey, D.H., and G.H. Ferguson, “Synthesis and characterization of surface-functional 1,2-polybutadiene bearing hydroxyl or carboxylic acid groups,” Macromolecules, 27, 7254-7266, (1994).

50. Carley, J.F., and P.T. Kitze, “Corona-discharge treatment of polyethylene films, I. Experimental work and physical effects,” Polymer Engineering and Science, 18, 326-334, (Mar 1978).

1279. Carley, J.F., and P.T. Kitze, “Corona-discharge treatment of polymeric films, II. Chemical studies,” Polymer Engineering and Science, 20, 330-338, (Mar 1980).

2507. Carlsson, C.M.G., and G. Strom, “Adhesion between plasma-treated cellulosic materials and polyethylene,” Surface and Interface Analysis, 17, 511-515, (Jun 1991).

1682. Carr, A.K., “Increase in the surface energy of metal and polymeric surfaces using the one atmosphere uniform glow discharge plasma (OAUGDP) (MS thesis),” Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, Aug 1997.

1726. Carre, A., “Polar interactions at liquid/polymer interfaces,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 21, 961-981, (2007).

Numerous relationships have been proposed in the literature to interpret wettability in terms of solid and liquid surface free energies. In the classical approach based on surface free energy components, the energy of interactions between the liquid and the solid is obtained from the geometric mean of the dispersion and polar contributions of the liquid and solid surface free energies. In this work, it is shown that the surface polarity of polar liquids can be modeled by the interaction of aligned permanent dipoles. A good agreement is found between the surface polarity characterized by polar component of the surface free energy of polar liquids (water, formamide and ethylene glycol) and the dipolar energy of interactions calculated from their dipole moment. At the liquid/polymer interfaces, polar interactions are better described by a simple relationship of proportionality with the polar component of the liquid surface free energy. This observation leads us to evaluate the hypothesis of induced polar interactions at liquid/polymer interfaces, the surface polarity of the solid being induced by the polar liquid in contact with the solid surface. Thus, the variation of the contact angle of a series of polar and non-polar liquids on various polymer substrates appears to be in better agreement when compared to the classical description of permanent polar interactions, so that a surface polarizability is defined for polymers. Using the surface polarizability approach rather than the polar component for the solid surface, we find also that the dispersion (non-polar) component of the polymer surface free energy is obtained with a better confidence, especially by taking into account the contact angles of both non-polar and polar liquid probes, or even by considering only polar liquid probes.

1614. Carre, A., S. Moll, J. Schultz, and M.E.R. Shanahan, “A novel interpretation of contact angle hysteresis on polymer surfaces,” in Adhesion 11, Allen, K.W., ed., 82+, Elsevier, 1987.

1952. Carre, A., and J. Vial, “Simple methods for the prediction of surface free energy and its components: Application to polymers,” J. Adhesion, 42, 265-276, (Oct 1993).

2019. Carrino, L., G. Moroni, and W. Polini, “Cold plasma treatment of polypropylene surface: A study on wettability and adhesion,” J. Materials Processing Technology, 121, 373-382, (Feb 2002).

2923. Carrino, L., G. Moroni, and W. Polini, “Cold plasma treatment of polypropylene surface: a study on wettability and adhesion,” J. Materials Processing Technology, 121, 373-382, (Feb 2002).

1784. Carroll, B.J., “The accurate measurement of contact angle, phase contact areas, drop volume, and Laplace excess pressure in drop-on-fiber systems,” J. Colloid and Interface Science, 57, 488-495, (Dec 1976).

1967. Carter, A.R., “Adhesion to polyolefins with flexible adhesives,” J. Adhesion, 12, 37-49, (May 1981).

1410. Cassio, V., amd F. Rimediotti, “Plasma pre-treatment in aluminum web coating: A converter experience,” in 42nd Annual Technical Conference Proceedings, Society of Vacuum Coaters, 1999.

2029. Castner, D.G., B.D. Ratner, and A.S. Hoffman, “Surface characterization of a series of polyurethanes by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle methods,” J. Biomaterials Science, 1, 191-206, (1989).

51. Cazabar, A.M., and M.A. Cohen Stuart, “Dynamics of wetting: effects of surface roughness,” J. Physical Chemistry, 90, 5845-5849, (Oct 1986).

1198. Cazabat, A.M., S. Gerdes, M.P. Valignat, and S. Villette, “Dynamics of wetting: from theory to experiment,” Interface Science, 5, 129-139, (Sep 1997).

2990. Cen-Puc, M., A. Schander, M.G. Vargas Gleason, and W. Lang, “An assessment of surface treatments for adhesion of polyimide thin films,” Polymers, 13, (Jun 2021).

Polyimide films are currently of great interest for the development of flexible electronics and sensors. In order to ensure a proper integration with other materials and PI itself, some sort of surface modification is required. In this work, microwave oxygen plasma, reactive ion etching oxygen plasma, combination of KOH and HCl solutions, and polyethylenimine solution were used as surface treatments of PI films. Treatments were compared to find the best method to promote the adhesion between two polyimide films. The first selection of the treatment conditions for each method was based on changes in the contact angle with deionized water. Afterward, further qualitative (scratch test) and a quantitative adhesion assessment (peel test) were performed. Both scratch test and peel strength indicated that oxygen plasma treatment using reactive ion etching equipment is the most promising approach for promoting the adhesion between polyimide films.

1199. Cepeda-Jiminez, C.M., R. Torregrosa-Macia, and J.M. Martin-Martinez, “Surface modifications of EVA copolymers induced by low pressure RF plasmas from different gases and their relation to adhesion properties,” J. Adhesion Science and Technology, 17, 1145-1159, (2003).

2576. Cernakova, L., P. Stahel, C. Kovacik, K. Johansson, and M. Cernak, “Low-cost high-speed plasma treatment of paper surfaces,” in Proceedings of the 9th TAPPI Advanced Coating Fundamentals Seminar, 7-17, TAPPI Press, 2006.

2811. Ceschan, M., and R.E. Smith, “In depth look at dyne testing,” https://blog.lddavis.com/in-depth-look-at-dyne-testing, Mar 2020.

433. Chae, C., “Characterization of surfaces by contact angle goniometry: effect of curvature on contact angle (PhD thesis),” Univ. of Lowell, 1988.

626. Chakraborty, A.K., “Progress and future directions in the theory of strongly interacting polymer - solid interfaces,” in Polymer - Solid Interfaces, Pireaux, J.J., P. Bertrand, and J.L. Bredas, eds., 3-35, Institute of Physics Publishing, 1991.

52. Chan, C.-M., Polymer Surface Modification and Characterization, Hanser Gardner, Jan 1994.

1467. Chan, C.-M., T.-M. Ko, and H. Hiraoka, “Polymer surface modification by plasmas and photons,” Surface Science Reports, 24, 1-54, (May 1996).

2508. Chan, C.-M., T.-M. Ko, and H. Hiroka, “Polymer surface modification by plasmas and photons,” Surface Science Reports, 24, 1-54, (May 1995).

53. Chan, R.K.S., “Surface tension of fluoropolymers, I. London dispersion term,” J. Colloid and Interface Science, 32, 492-498, (1970).

54. Chan, R.K.S., “Surface tension of fluoropolymers, II. The polar attraction term,” J. Colloid and Interface Science, 32, 499-504, (1970).

627. Chaney, R., and G. Barth, “An ESCA study on the x-ray induced changes in polymeric materials,” in Polymer Surface Dynamics, Andrade, J.D., ed., 171-178, Plenum Press, 1988.

434. Chang, C.-A., “Enhanced Cu-teflon adhesion by presputtering treatment: effect of surfcae morphology changes,” Applied Physics Letters, 51, 1236-1238, (1987).

435. Chang, C.-A., “Interface interactions relevant to packaging techology,” Thin Solid Films, 166, 97, (1988).

1846. Chang, J.-S., P.A. Lawless, and T. Yamamoto, “Corona discharge processes,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 19, 1152-1166, (Dec 1991).

1364. Chang, K., and R.K. Force, “Time-resolved pyrene fluorescence for determination of polymer surface polarity: correlations with surface tension,” Applied Spectroscopy, 49, 211-215, (Feb 1995).

436. Chang, T.C., and B.Z. Jang, “Plasma treatments of carbon fibers in polymer composites,” in ANTEC 90, 1257-1260, Society of Plastics Engineers, 1990.

777. Chang, W.V., and X. Qin, “"Repulsive acid-base interactions": Fantasy or reality,” in Acid-Base Interactions: Relevance to Adhesion Science and Technology, Vol. 2, Mittal, K.L., ed., 3-54, VSP, Dec 2000.

1787. Chapman, T.M., et al, “Determination of low critical surface tensions of novel fluorinated poly(amide urethane) block copolymers I: Fluorinated side chains,” Macromolecules, 28, 331-335, (1995).

 

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